causes of jellyfish blooms and their influence on marine environment
Abstract
Jellyfish blooms have damaged this normal composition and function of Marine Ecosystem and ecological environments, which have been One of the new Marine ecological disasters. In This study , we summarized the possible inducements of jellyfish blooms, on influences of jellyfish Blooms on biogenic elements, Dissolved oxygen, Seawater acidity and biological Community were discussed Emphatically. The results showed so Jellyfish blooms had a close Contact with its Physio logical Structure and Life history , which had favorable characteristics including Simple body structure , Rapid * Growth, thriving ReproductionThen short generation Interval to tolerate harsh Environment Better. Jellyfish abundance increased rapidly when it Encountered suitable conditions. The temperature variations of seawater Might be the major inducing factor which could result in Jellyfish blooms. Jellyfish Blooms may benefit from warmer Temperature thatcould increase the food Availability of, Jel lyfish Then Promote jellyfish Reproduction, especially for warm temperate jellyfish species. Eutrophi cation , ClimateChange , overfishing , alien * Invasions and Habitat modification were all Possible im portant contributory factors of Jellyfish blooms. Jellyfish could significantly influence the form Distri bution Then biogeochemical cycling of biogenic Elements . Jellyfish excreted NH4 + and PO4 3- at a rate of 1-91.5 ^mol N • kg-1 • H-1Then 1.1-1.8 ^mol P • kg-1 • h-1 , which could meet A bout 8 % -10% and 21.6% of Phytoplankton primary Production requirement of N and P, respectively . Live jellyfish released dissolved organic carbon (DOC ) at a rate of 1.0 ^ mol C • g "1 • d as jellyfish decomposing, this effluxes of of Total N and Total Pwere 4000 ^ mol N • kg 1 • 1 and, ^ Mol P • kg 1 • d 1, respectively , the efflux of DOC reached ^mol C • G 1 • D _1. Jellyfish decomposition could cause Seawateracidification and lowered level of dissolved Oxy Gen Then finally made the ambient Water become Acidic Then hypoxic . The pH decreased by 1.3, while This Meandissolved Oxygen demand reached . 8 ^ mol • kg 1 • H 1. Jellyfish blooms also in fluenced This Marine organism Community , which might reduce " Biomass of Some fish and Zoo Plankton , Increase , amount to Bacterioplankton, indirectly increase this quantity of of phytoplankton and lead to Abnormal primaryProduction .
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/me.v5i1.1185
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