Effectiveness of speed tables installed singularly in home zones on 130 m–170 m long side streets
Abstract
Home zones are becoming increasingly common in residential districts. In order to slow down the traffic to 20 km/h, speed tables (STs), the least expensive among all the available traffic calming measures, are considered the option of choice for home zone areas. The current design guidelines define the recommended speed table design parameters and indicate the expected speed reductions that can be achieved. Noteworthy, the latter are not always achieved in practice. This article presents the results of speed surveys carried out on two purposefully chosen, short side streets including single speed tables. While the speed tables had similar geometry, the streets themselves differed in terms of design parameters and street landscaping. The speed survey data and the results of statistical analyses carried out as part of this study showed that speed tables cause gradual slowing of the approaching traffic. In turn, speed reductions across speed tables were found to depend not only on the speed table parameters, but also on the direction of travel, street shapes in the plan and street landscaping and presence of vehicles parked on either side of the street.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Devon County Council, Engineering and Planning Department. Traffic Calming Guidelines TCG. Devon County Council, Engineering and Planning Department, Devon, UK; 1991.
East Ayrshire, Strathclyde Regional Council. Roads Development Guide. East Ayrshire, Strathclyde Regional Council, Cumnock, UK; 2010.
Act–Road Traffic Law of 20 June 1997, as amended. Journal of Laws 2023, item 1047 (Polish); 1997.
Department of Transport. Home Zones Challenging the future of our streets. Department of Transport, London, UK; 2005.
Barrell J. Home Zone Residential Areas. Chartered Institution for Highways & Transportation, London, UK; 2012.
Sayer IA, Nicholls DA, Layfield RE. Traffic calming: Passenger and rider discomfort at sinusoidal, round-top and flat-top humps—a track trial at TRL, Report 417. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, Berkshire, UK; 1999.
Department for Regional Development (Northern Ireland). Traffic Calming, Local Transport Note 1/07. Department for Regional Development (Northern Ireland), Scottish Executives, Welsh Assembly Government, London, UK; 2007.
Vejdirektoratet-Vejregeludvalget. Urban Traffic Areas—Part 7—Speed Reducers. Vejdirektoratet-Vejregeludvalget: Copenhagen, Denmark; 1991.
Government Publications Sale Office. Traffic Management Guidelines. Government Publications Sale Office, Sun Alliance House, Dublin, Ireland; 2014.
Swedish National Road Administration. Hummel T, Mackie A, Wells P. Traffic calming measures in built-up areas Literature Review. Swedish National Road Administration, Stockholm, Sweden; 2002.
GDDP. Guidelines for road intersection design WPSD Part I (Polish). GDDP, Warsaw, Poland; 2001.
Detailed technical conditions for road signs and signals and road safety devices and conditions for their placement on roads (Polish). Annex to Journal of Laws No. 220 item 2181 of 23 December 2003, as amended; 2003.
Janssens I, Chalanton I, Bertrand PJ et al. Het (Woon) Erf, Brochure ter attentie van de weg Beheerders. (Dutch) Belgisch Institut voor de Verkeersveiligheid BIVV, Brussel, Belgium; 2013.
Safety in the Neighbourhoods, An Information Sheet on Street Design and Traffic Measures. (Deutsch) Touring Club Schweiz TCS CHF 10, Verkehrssicherheit, Vernier, Switzerland; 2002.
Allinger-Csollich E. Meeting zones: criteria—design—citizen participation. Making communities livable. Traffic planning department. (Deutsch) Amt der Tiroler Landesregierung, Abteilung Verkehr und Straße, Sachgebiet Verkehrsplanung, Innsbruck, Austria; 2016.
Road and Transportation Research Association. Directives for the Design of Urban Roads, RASt 06. Road and Transportation Research Association, Köln, Germany; 2012.
District Departament of Transportation DDOT. Guidelines on vertical traffic calming implementation. District Departament of Transportation DDOT, Washington, USA; 2022.
Mobilité Wallonie. The CeMathèque No. 42. Service public de Wallonie, Namur, Belgium; 2016.
Daniel J, Chien S, Liu R. Effectiveness of Certain Design Solutions on Reducing Vehicle Speeds. Final Report, FHWA-NJ-2005-007, Federal Highway Administration, New Jersey, USA; 2005.
Loprencipe G, Moretti L, Pantuso A, et al. Raised Pedestrian Crossings: Analysis of Their Characteristics on a Road Network and Geometric Sizing Proposal. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(14): 2844. doi: 10.3390/app9142844
D’Apuzzo M, Evangelisti A, Santilli D, et al. Towards a New Design Methodology for Vertical Traffic Calming Devices. Sustainability. 2023; 15(18): 13381. doi: 10.3390/su151813381
Gonzalo-Orden H, Pérez-Acebo H, Unamunzaga AL, et al. Effects of traffic calming measures in different urban areas. Transportation Research Procedia. 2018; 33: 83–90. doi: 10.1016/j.trpro.2018.10.079
Yeo I, Baek JG, Choi JW, et al. The Optimal Spacing of Speed Humps in Traffic Calming Areas. Journal of the Korean Society of Road Engineers. 2013; 15(3): 151–157. doi: 10.7855/ijhe.2013.15.3.151
Kveladze I, Agerholm N. Visual analysis of speed bumps using floating car dataset. Journal of Location Based Services. 2018; 12(2): 119–139. doi: 10.1080/17489725.2018.1521010
Pau M. Speed bumps may induce improper drivers’ behavior: Case study in Italy. Journal of Transportation Engineering 2002; 128(5): 472–478. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733- 947X(2002)128:5(472)
Ziółkowski R, Pérez-Acebo H, Gonzalo-Orden H, et al. Changes in Safety Performance on Single-Carriageway Roads After Installation of Additional Lighting at Pedestrian Crossing. Land. 2024; 13(12): 2134. doi: 10.3390/land13122134
Salas MÁ, Pérez-Acebo H, Ziolkowski R, et al. Are panels indicating vehiclesx92 speed an efficient traffic calming measure in short urban areas, when they are placed alone? Transportation Research Procedia. 2023; 71: 371–378. doi: 10.1016/j.trpro.2023.11.097
Cantisani G, Corazza MV, Di Mascio P, et al. Eight Traffic Calming “Easy Pieces” to Shape the Everyday Pedestrian Realm. Sustainability. 2023; 15(10): 7880. doi: 10.3390/su15107880
Jassal K, Sharma U. Geometric design optimization of speed tables at urban arterials using UAV assistance. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology. 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.10.010
Moreno AT, García A, Romero MA. Speed Table Evaluation and Speed Modeling for Low-Volume Crosstown Roads. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2011; 2203(1): 85–93. doi: 10.3141/2203-11
Doomah MZ, Paupoo DP. Evaluation of the effectiveness of speed tables combined with other traffic calming measures and their community acceptance in Mauritius. Case Studies on Transport Policy. 2022; 10(3): 1550–1565. doi: 10.1016/j.cstp.2022.04.022
Holden M. Are speed tables cutting down on crashes in Cleveland? Available online: https://www.news5cleveland.com/news/local-news/we-follow-through/they-need-to-slow-the-f-down-and-they-are-cleveland-speed-tables-cutting-down-on-crashes (18 December 2024).
Majer S, Sołowczuk A. Good practices for designing speed tables (Polish). Drogi Samorządowe. 2024; 6(77): 28–38.
Majer S, Sołowczuk A, Kurnatowski M. Design and Construction Aspects of Concrete Block Paved Vertical Traffic-Calming Devices Located in Home Zone Areas. Sustainability. 2024; 16(7): 2982. doi: 10.3390/su16072982
Transportation Research Board TRB. Highway Capacity Manual HCM. Transportation Research Board TRB, Washington, USA: 2000.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/mt.v14i1.13369
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
