This paper focuses on the normative foundation of artificial intelligence (AI) in international dispute settlement, and analyzes the classification of its application scenarios, the core connotation and necessity of the normative foundation from a professional and technical perspective. It emphasizes the exploration of the adaptation dilemma between algorithmic logic and legal principles in the interpretation of international law rules under AI application, as well as the fairness predicament caused by data bias in the application of rules. Corresponding optimization strategies are proposed, including a normative system of “hard law supplementation + soft law precedence”, an application mechanism of “pilot verification + dynamic adjustment”, and a technical guarantee of “algorithmic transparency + data diversity”. These strategies provide practical paths for addressing the challenges in the interpretation and application of international law rules.

This study investigated urban land use change (ULUC) and aerosol indirect effects on a 320 mm frontal rainstorm over the Pearl River Delta on October 13, 2011, using the WRF-ARW model with 1992 and 2011 land use data and varied cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations. Results showed total rainfall and intensity decreased with higher CCN, with greater suppression under high urbanization (13.29% reduction vs. 7.91% under low urbanization) due to enhanced ice- and graupel-phase processes. ULUC increased rainfall via urban heat/dry island effects extending the planetary boundary layer, favoring heavy rain.

Environmental DNA barcoding technology is an innovative biodiversity monitoring method, which realizes rapid and accurate monitoring of biodiversity by extracting DNA from environmental samples and utilizing DNA barcoding technology and high-throughput sequencing technology. Through this technology, scientists are able to obtain a large amount of data on biodiversity, which provides a scientific basis for ecological conservation, resource management, and the formulation of biodiversity conservation policies.

Objective: In response to the challenges posed by wellbore trajectory deviations in petroleum drilling and completion, this study develops a theoretical model for wellbore trajectory control techniques. By conducting simulation experiments, the study validates critical technical indicators and optimizes trajectory control strategies under deep-well and complex formation conditions.Methods: A mathematical model of wellbore trajectory and a force analysis model of the drill string are constructed. Simulation experiments are designed to investigate wellbore trajectory degradation rates, the anticipated lifespan of the drill string, and model prediction errors. Experimental data under varying weight-on-bit (WOB) and rotational speed conditions are employed to evaluate the model’s performance and the effectiveness of trajectory control.Results: The wellbore trajectory degradation rate exhibits nonlinear growth with increasing well depth, reaching a peak value of 0.0010 m/m. Drill string lifespan decreases from 72,000 cycles to 51,000 cycles as wellbore curvature and vibration frequency escalate. Model prediction errors remain stable at 0.05 m, substantiating the model’s high accuracy and applicability.Conclusion: Optimizing wellbore curvature and implementing real-time trajectory correction algorithms are critical for mitigating trajectory deviations and extending drill string lifespan. The proposed model demonstrates robust applicability, offering theoretical and practical support for enhancing wellbore trajectory control technology under complex operational conditions.

With the development of eor technology, oil congestion is more and more serious.This paper studies the degradation of polyacrylamide by different concentrations of chlorine dioxide, and the influence of temperature on its. Discussed the degradation mechanism of polyacrylamide by chlorine dioxide. Results: the best chlorine dioxide concentration is 4000ppm of polyacrylamide degradation at room temperature when polyacrylamide concentration is 2%; the best temperature of polyacrylamide degradation is 60℃ when polyacrylamide concentration is 2%; chlorine dioxide concentration is 4000ppm.