A Comparative Study on the Development Paths of New Energy in Indonesia and Vietnam
Abstract
low-carbon transition. Indonesia and Vietnam, as the region’s largest economies, play a critical role in shaping sustainable development
trajectories. This study conducts a comparative analysis of their new energy development paths, focusing on resource endowments, policy
frameworks, implementation outcomes, and cooperation models. Indonesia drives energy diversification through its unparalleled geothermal
resources and coal exports, prioritizing downstream industrialization of nickel-based battery production. Despite ambitious targets challenges
persist in resource utilization efficiency and policy coherence. Vietnam, in contrast, has rapidly expanded solar and wind energy through strategic industrial policies, foreign investment incentives, and localized green technology adoption. Its focus on energy security and manufacturing self-reliance has enabled a more dynamic market response. The study reveals divergent pathways shaped by resource availability and
governance models: Indonesia’s resource-dependent approach is constrained by global market fluctuations, whereas Vietnam’s state-directed
strategy emphasizes strategic autonomy and execution consistency. By systematically comparing these cases, this research provides theoretical insights and policy implications for developing countries seeking to align energy transitions with national conditions. The findings underscore the importance of tailoring strategies to resource endowments and institutional capacities, offering a framework for sustainable energy
development in resource-diverse contexts.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/fm.v10i6.14345
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